Spotlight
Merch for a Cause!
Celebrate Native Plants Week 2025 by honoring the legacy of Filipino botanists who dedicated their lives to studying and protecting our native flora. From[READ]
Renato and Letizia Constantino’s The Philippines: A Past Revisited, 50th Special Edition at DLSU
Mabuhay! The Bienvenido N. Santos Creative Writing Center and the Department of History of De La Salle University in cooperation with the Constantino Foundation[READ]
Justice still elusive for Leonard Co, the ‘People’s Botanist’ – ABS-CBN News
Carlos Trazo, ABS-CBN News | Published Nov 15, 2025 11:29 PM PHTFifteen years after the murder of Leonard Co, the country’s foremost plant taxonomist known[READ]
Pasts Revisited
A NATIONAL TREASURE: LEONARD L. CO (1953-2010) By Perry S. Ong and Nina Ingle
Leonard L. Co, unparalleled plant scholar and a scientist for the people, died last November 15, 2010 in Leyte from gunshot wounds obtained during an alleged crossfire between the Philippine Army 19th Infantry Battalion and the New Peopleís Army. Co had pioneered the writing of manuals on Philippine medicinal plants for community-based health care in the 1970s and worked as a pharmacologist of Chinese medicinal plants in the 1980s. At the time of his death, Co was doing research on native forest species for reforestation. He was also assembling a digital herbarium and writing an update of The Enumeration of Philippine Flowering Plants written by Elmer Merrill at the turn of the 20th century.
Leonard was born in 1953 to a Chinese father and Ilocano mother, and lived in Caloocan where the family had a popular Chinese restaurant. He went to the Philippine Chinese High School, where, under the pen name “Siling Labuyo,” Leonard wrote a column called Mga Tsismis sa Kantina in the high school newspaper about problems in society and in school. Leonard was fluent in Tagalog (Filipino), Ilocano, Hokkien, Mandarin, and English, but he was most comfortable speaking in Filipino.
He went to UP Diliman for college, enrolling first in Chemistry but then shifting to Botany, his true love. His college career was interrupted by the turmoil during martial law when Leonard became a political detainee. Among the evidence presented against Leonard were “Communist” books in Chinese script that were actually books on Chinese medicinal plants. During this period, he edited the Manual on Some Philippine Medicinal Plants, which came out in mimeographed form in 1977 in the name of the UP Botanical Society.
In 1989, Co came out with the nearly 500-page Common Medicinal Plants in the Cordillera Region: A Trainor’s Manual for Community-Based Health Programs. Leonard became the resident Chinese pharmacologist at the Acupuncture Therapeutic and Research Center in Manila where he met Glenda Flores, whom he married in 1990. They have a daughter, Linnea Marie.
Highly regarded in the international community, Co only got his Bachelor of Science Degree in Botany from the UP Diliman in the summer of 2008 (after 36 years) although he served as the de facto curator of the UP Herbarium and mentored countless students. Palanan in the Sierra Madre was where he did the most botanizing. His last publication in 2006 was the book Forest Trees of Palanan, Philippines: A Study in Population Ecology, part of the Center for Tropical Forest Science of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institution series. Co considered the book a celebration of “the spirit of partnership and collaboration; of mentoring; of passion for excellence and abhorrence of mediocrity, and most importantly of dreaming, innovating and fighting tooth and nail for the cause of biodiversity conservation.”
Several plants have been named after him, such as the orchid Mycaranthes leonardoi (described in 2010 by Ulysses Ferreras and Wally Suarez), and Rafflesia leonardi, a parasitic plant with huge flowers (described in his honor by Julie Barcelona and Pieter Pelser in 2008).
It is ironic that he was gunned down while doing the work he loved, identifying tree species in the middle of a remnant forest that he was trying to restore. He was in Kananga, Leyte as a biodiversity expert for the Energy Development Corporation (EDC) for its tree legacy program, BINHI, looking for mother trees.
This is an abridged piece. Click here for the original, including citations.
Stories
LEONARDO CO: BAYANI NG BAYAN – Jerry B. Gracio
Dalawa ang iniingatan kong memorabilia ni Leonardo L. Co: isang drawing, at ang ilang bahagi ng kanyang manuscript tungkol sa Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, at Xingwei—the Traditional Concepts of Drug Nature in Chinese Medicine. Si Leonard ang isa sa pinakamahusay nating botanist, nangunangunang ethnobotanist, marahil, ang pinakamahusay nating taxonomist. Nakilala ko[READ]
You are invited to the inaugural lecture of the Leonard L. Co Lecture Series!
📢 𝐈𝐍𝐕𝐈𝐓𝐀𝐓𝐈𝐎𝐍 | 𝐋𝐞𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐫𝐝 𝐋. 𝐂𝐨 𝐋𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬 You are invited to the inaugural lecture of the Leonard L. Co Lecture Series! 🪴Branches of History: Trees, Empire, and Nation 🎙 Speaker: Dr. Ruel V. Pagunsan Chair, Department of History, University of the Philippines Diliman 🗓 November 21 (Friday) 🕝 2:30[READ]
LAKAMBINI: When History Refuses to Stay Silent, by Cardinal Pablo Virgilo David (on a movie the Constantino Foundation encourages you to watch).
I must confess, when I sat down to watch Lakambini, I thought I was merely revisiting a historical figure I already admired — Gregoria de Jesús, the Lakambini ng Katipunan, wife of the Supremo. But I wasn’t prepared for what the film stirred in me. It felt less like watching history and[READ]
Buga-Buga and the Burauen History Club By Bernard Karganilla
May the caves and slopes of Buga-Buga, once places of conflict, now echo prayers of harmony.’ AT the commemorative luncheon for the Leyte Gulf landings anniversary, Gregoria Equipaje Badeo shared her personal experience and her historical notes during the Japanese Occupation: “In Barrio Santa Ana, 13 men were burned to death…Luckily, one[READ]

















